IMPROVING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES (BEVS) AND HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (HEVS) IN VIETNAM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GREEN TRANSITION

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58902/nckhpt.e-v2i2.437

Tran The Huong

Thanh Do University

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Vietnam’s green transport transition requires a more coherent legal framework for electrified vehicles. This article assesses the legal framework governing battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), including MHEVs, FHEVs, and PHEVs, through a vehicle life-cycle approach. Based on legal and policy analysis updated to October 2026, the study applies four criteria: (i) regulatory completeness and coverage; (ii) consistency and coherence; (iii) suitability to the practical development of electrified vehicles, including compatibility with technological characteristics, environmental objectives, infrastructure requirements, and clarity in the allocation of responsibilities; and (iv) legal technique, including the specificity, determinacy, and capacity of rules to be translated into legal procedures and processes. The findings indicate broad regulatory coverage but uneven levels of legal-framework development across these four criteria. The article proposes two groups of solutions: (1) specific amendments and stronger interconnection among rules on technology classification, charging infrastructure, and traction-battery life-cycle governance; and (2) enabling conditions for legal-framework improvement, including better awareness among competent law-making actors, stronger professional human resources, and adequate facilities, data, and technical tools for law-making.

Keyword: BEV; EPR; Hạ tầng sạc; HEV; Hoàn thiện khung pháp lý; Khung pháp lý; Phương tiện điện hóa.

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